Vegetables О́вощи
19 Russian words on the topic of vegetables — each with a picture, an audio recording and an example sentence. Vegetables for the pot and the salad bowl — the heart of Russian home cooking.
| Picture | English | Russian · Ру́сский | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 | vegetable | о́вощ | Masculine; plural о́вощи. Common pair: фру́кты и о́вощи (fruit and vegetables). |
 | tomato | помидо́р | 🔗 Word familyFrom Italian pomodoro ('golden apple'). тома́т is used mainly in products: тома́тный сок (tomato juice). |
 | cucumber | огуре́ц | The е drops when declined: plural огурцы́. |
 | carrot | морко́вь | ⚠️ GenderFeminine (soft-sign ending). Everyday word: морко́вка. |
 | onion | лук | 👓 Same spellingлук = both 'onion' and 'bow' (the weapon). |
 | garlic | чесно́к | Always singular. A clove is зу́бчик чеснока́ (literally 'little tooth'). |
 | potato | карто́фель | ⚠️ GenderMasculine. Everyday word: карто́шка. |
 | lettuce | сала́т | 🔀 Several meaningsсала́т = both 'lettuce' and 'salad'. |
 | pepper | пе́рец | 🔀 Several meaningsBoth the vegetable and the spice. The е drops when declined: пе́рца. |
 | eggplant | баклажа́н | 🔗 Word familySame Persian root (bādinjān) as British 'aubergine'. |
 | zucchini | кабачо́к | The о drops when declined: plural кабачки́. |
 | pumpkin | ты́ква | |
 | broccoli | бро́кколи | Indeclinable. ⚠️ GenderFeminine (by analogy with капу́ста). |
 | cauliflower | цветна́я капу́ста | 🔗 Word familyLiterally 'flower cabbage' — same image as 'cauliflower'. цвет = color and blossom. |
 | cabbage | капу́ста | 🔗 Word familyWord family: цветна́я капу́ста = cauliflower; ква́шеная капу́ста = sauerkraut. |
 | spinach | шпина́т | Always singular. 🔗 Word familyFrom German Spinat. |
 | corn | кукуру́за | Always singular (uncountable). |
 | mushroom | гриб | Final б devoices: [grip], a homophone of грипп (flu). Plural грибы́. |
 | beetroot | свёкла | The ё is standard (and always stressed). свекла́ is common but nonstandard. |
See also:FruitsDishes